Historically, Newfields has maintained a strong sense of independence from its much larger and, at times, more influential neighbors in Portsmouth, Newmarket, Dover and Exeter. Originally, Newfields was part of Exeter, but broke off in 1727, with Newmarket remaining part of that town until 1849 when the residents voted for independence and incorporated as South Newmarket. In 1895, the citizens renamed their town to take advantage of the terms of the will of Dr. John Brodhead, who left seed money for a library to the town on the condition that its name legally be changed to Newfields. It is this strong sense of independence and community that makes Newfields Elementary School stand out.